In explaining to him the physiological reason for his symptoms, what cellular functions do you think would help him understand his disease?

A 41-year-old male presents to the emergency room complaining of frequent urination, increased hunger, “always being thirsty,” and fatigue. He is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In your initial post answer the following questions:

In explaining to him the physiological reason for his symptoms, what cellular functions do you think would help him understand his disease?
How might you explain his fatigue on a cellular level?