Literature Evaluation Table

Literature Evaluation Table

Student Name:

Summary of Clinical Issue (200-250 words):

Hand hygiene is an important practice in any health institution as it not only maintains the health and safety of the patient but also that of the health professional. However, most health professionals do not adhere to hand hygiene practices or do not effectively carry out the practices. This negligence has led to a high prevalence of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) and consequently an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. The World Health Organization has a set of guidelines that dictate proper and effective hand hygiene practices before and after contact with the patient. There are different factors that contribute to this noncompliance of the guidelines. Despite the presence of these influencing factors, studies show that health workers have knowledge on the importance of hand hygiene, yet they choose not to practice these techniques. Other factors include influence from their peers in cases where they opt for methods like putting on gloves instead of hand washing, behavioral motivational factors and work environment factors such as high population of patients or scarce resources. These factors are common in most studies done in different regions across the world. This is an indication that there is need for extra and constant education on the importance of hand hygiene and motivation to the adherence of hand hygiene practices.

 

PICOT Question: For patients and healthcare workers in the hospital (p) does hand washing protocol (I) compared to an alcohol-based solution (C) reduce hospital acquired infection (O) within a period of stay in the hospital (T)

 

 

Criteria	Article 1 QUANTITATIVE study	Article 2	Article 3
APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink	Deochand, N., & Deochand, M. E. (2016). Brief Report on Hand-Hygiene Monitoring Systems: A Pilot Study of a Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique. Journal of environmental health, 78(10).	Chatfield, S. L., Nolan, R., Crawford, H., & Hallam, J. S. (2016). Experiences of hand hygiene among acute care nurses: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. SAGE open medicine, 4, 2050312116675098.	Dyson, J., Lawton, R., Jackson, C., & Cheater, F. (2013). Development of a theory-based instrument to identify barriers and levers to best hand hygiene practice among healthcare practitioners. Implementation Science, 8(1), 111.
How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?	The article explains the results of a hand hygiene technique; Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique	The article elaborates the effect of the nurses’ perceptions of hygiene is critical in driving practices. Improvements of hand hygiene can reduce the incidences of healthcare-related infections amongst patients.	The article develops an instrument to assess impediments and boosters to HH and ways of adapting theory to practice in HH.
Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)	The study is qualitative using data collected the image analysis	The research employs a qualitative approach using data from eight nurses in different health facilities.	Qualitative. The assessment involved the use of collected data to assess the barriers and levers to HH
Purpose Statement	This new study wanted to find better hand hygiene techniques that were cost effective, less intrusive and more accurate.	The study wanted to investigate whether it is possible to cultivate a culture of hygiene among health care practitioners through consistent reminders for the need to observe one’s attitude to hand washing.	To assess and identify barriers and levers to Hand Hygiene and develop a theory-based diagnosis instrument for HH.
Research Question	Brief Report on Hand-Hygiene Monitoring Systems: A Pilot Study of a Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique	How do nurses perceive the significance of their hand washing practices on their patients?	What are the main barrier and levers to Hand Hygiene?
Outcome	Computer Assisted Image analysis is more effective compared to traditional techniques like observation.	The nurses perceive their health practices are perceived differently by the hospitals.	The greater the number of impediments to hand hygiene, the lower the adherence to HH strategies by staff.
Setting (Where did the study take place?)	Western Michigan University	Various hospitals throughout the U.S.	Delphi
Sample	2	Eight nurses in the U.S.A.	A total of 100 medical professionals were asked to assess the top barriers and levers to HH.
Method	Quantitative	Qualitative analysis	Medical professionals were engaged to carry out an assessment of the main barriers and levers to HH.
Key Findings of the Study	5seconds was effective in removing glow germs. Less glow germs were present in subject who used soap in hand washing	Policy-mandated rules and personal hygiene contribute to hand cleanliness among nurses.	As the number of findings become few, the rate of compliance to HH increases and as the number of barriers to HH decreases the level of compliance increases.
Recommendations of the Researcher	Hand image analysis provides effective feedback on hand hygiene and can be used to improve on hand hygiene techniques.	Nurses should be involved in strategizing on the best hand washing plans and strategies to ensure effective results.	There is a need to eradicate or reduce the barrier to HH and increase the levers if full HH is to be realized.

 

 

Criteria	Article 4 Good Quantitative Study	Article 5 SYSTEMATIC Review	Article 6
APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink	Anna, G. P & Sobala, W. (2013). Observance of hand washing procedures performed by the medical personnel before patient contact part 1 Retrieved from international journal of occupational medicine and environmental health 2013	Sendall, M. C., McCosker, L. K., & Halton, K. (2019). Cleaning Staff’s Attitudes about Hand Hygiene in a Metropolitan Hospital in Australia: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 1067.	Sung-Ching, P., Tien, K. L., Hung, I., Yu-Jiun, L., Wang-Huei, S., Wang, M. J., & Yee-Chun, C. (2013). Compliance of Health Care Workers with Hand Hygiene Practices: Independent Advantages of Overt and Covert Observers. PLoS One, 8(1), e53746.
How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?	The article shows the results of a study done on hand hygiene techniques performed by health providers before patient contact.	The article explains the attitude of the hospital staff on hand washing and their adherence to the set guidelines	It gives an evaluation of hand hygiene adherence as suggested by the WHO
Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)	Quantitative study done using quasi observational data	The research adapts a qualitative research using data collected from hospitals spread across Australia	Qualitative. The data used to explain the effect of feedback on HH
Purpose Statement	Observing hand washing procedures before patient contact as standard to WHO and CDC guidelines	The study focused on exploring the attitude of hospital staff on hand hygiene and the Australian Hand Hygiene Initiative	The evaluation focused on evaluating the effect of feedback on the performance of HH adherence amongst staff.
Research Question	What hand washing procedures were performed by the medical personnel before patient contact part 1	What is the attitude of the nurses concerning hand washing strategies?	What is the effect of HH reporting on the performance of consecutive hand hygiene
Outcome	There was no relationship between department and compliance to hand hygiene. Health workers in increased risk departments had a higher average time spent washing hands.	The research revealed that there is a need for collective effort from the nurses themselves and the hospitals to constantly remind the staff about hand washing.	Better reporting of HH leads to better HH among staff.
Setting (Where did the study take place?)	3 Hospitals in Lodz province	The study was conducted across different health facilities in Australia	National Taiwan University Hospital
Sample	188 medical staff (Nurses and Physicians)	Twelve cleaners participated in two different focus groups.	A total of thirteen participants in each ward
Method	Quasi-observational study	Qualitative analysis.	Qualitative description
Key Findings of the Study	Average compliance of medical personnel to hand hygiene was as low as 5.2%. Medical personnel washed their hand twice less frequently when feeding patients, taking blood samples and insertion of vascular catheter. Most substituted gloves for handwashing.	Three different attitudes towards hand cleaning were identified: build culture, remind and teach cleanliness values for personal hygiene.	There are key improvements when HH reports are constantly provided to educate the staff
Recommendations of the Researcher	Short hand washing times and noncompliance indicate the need for increased knowledge on hand hygiene and motivation to its adherence.	There is a need to constantly remind staff of the need to clean hands and practice personal hygiene.	Covert observers need to constantly evaluate the adherence to HH and provide reports.

 

 

 

 

 

References

Anna, G. P & Sobala, W. (2013). Observance of hand washing procedures performed by the medical personnel before patient contact part 1 Retrieved from international journal of occupational medicine and environmental health 2013

Deochand, N., & Deochand, M. E. (2016). Brief Report on Hand-Hygiene Monitoring Systems: A Pilot Study of a Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique. Journal of environmental health, 78(10).

Chatfield, S. L., Nolan, R., Crawford, H., & Hallam, J. S. (2016). Experiences of hand hygiene among acute care nurses: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. SAGE open medicine, 4, 2050312116675098.

Sendall, M. C., McCosker, L. K., & Halton, K. (2019). Cleaning Staff’s Attitudes about Hand Hygiene in a Metropolitan Hospital in Australia: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 1067.

Sung-Ching, P., Tien, K. L., Hung, I., Yu-Jiun, L., Wang-Huei, S., Wang, M. J., & Yee-Chun, C. (2013). Compliance of Health Care Workers with Hand Hygiene Practices: Independent Advantages of Overt and Covert Observers. PLoS One, 8(1), e53746.

Dyson, J., Lawton, R., Jackson, C., & Cheater, F. (2013). Development of a theory-based instrument to identify barriers and levers to best hand hygiene practice among healthcare practitioners. Implementation Science, 8(1), 111.

 

 

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