Which of the following is NOT one of the six steps of the Scientific Method?
POST PSY341 UNIT 8 FINAL EXAM
Question
Question 1
2 out of 2 points
Correct
Which of the following is NOT one of the six steps of the Scientific Method?
Communicate Findings to Others
Design/Run a Study
Review the Literature
Question 2
0 out of 2 points
Where in an article does the Literature Review usually appear?
Middle
End
Question 3
2 out of 2 points
The topics of the study, if complex, are usually defined within the Introduction section of an article.
True
False
Question 4
2 out of 2 points
Which study design would be the most appropriate? You don’t know anything about women, so you observe them and take notes on them to learn more.
Explanatory
Descriptive
Question 5
0 out of 2 points
Which study design would be the most appropriate? You know that there is a new treatment in a prison that seems to work. You believes it causes prisoners to think differently, so you run a study that measures thoughts. You compare a control group that receives no treatment with one that receives the new prison treatment.
Explanatory
Descriptive
Question 6
2 out of 2 points
Which study design would be the most appropriate? You observe two different prisons, one that has air-conditioning and one that doesn’t, to see which has more rioting.
Cross-Sectional
Cross-Sectional
Longitudinal
Question 7
2 out of 2 points
Which study design would be the most appropriate? You follow around the same prisoner for a year, measuring the changes in his aggression during each season of the year.
Cross-Sectional
Longitudinal
Question 8
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT a typical section included in a research study article:
Method
Discussion
Correct
Theory
Results
Introduction
Question 9
2 out of 2 points
Your hypothesis is largely based on the findings of previous literature regarding your topic.
True
False
Question 10
0 out of 2 points
What is the Independent Variable of this study’s hypothesis? Adolescents with single-parents are more likely to have low self-esteem.
Being an adolescent
Having single-parents
Having low self-esteem
Question 11
2 out of 2 points
What is the Independent Variable of this study’s hypothesis? A person’s anger will be increased when he or she takes revenge.
The person
The anger
The revenge
Question 12
2 out of 2 points
What is the Dependent Variable of this study’s hypothesis? Financial strain is the leading cause of bank robbery in Michigan.
Bank Robbery
Financial Strain
Bank Robbery
The Bank Robbers
Michigan
Question 13
2 out of 2 points
Which is true?
The Independent Variable influences the Dependent Variable
The Independent Variable influences the Dependent Variable
The Dependent Variable influences the Independent Variable
The Independent Variable and Dependent Variable equally affect each other
Question 14
2 out of 2 points
Is the following an example of Inductive or Deductive Reasoning? You think: If all seagulls have wings, and all seagulls fly, then all animals with wings must fly.
Inductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
Question 15
2 out of 2 points
Is the following an example of Inductive or Deductive Reasoning? You think: Jack is taller than Jill, and Jill is taller than George. Therefore, Jack is taller than George.
Deductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
Question 16
0 out of 2 points
Is the following an example of Inductive or Deductive Reasoning? You know from previous studies that if someone punches a pillow to get rid of their anger, they will become more angry next time. You run a study based on this knowledge and have many people feel very angry later on from punching a pillow.
Inductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
Question 17
0 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT one of the top advantages of using self-report measures when compared to other types?
More Cost-effective
Quicker
More Valid
Can administer more than one at a time
Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT true of a peer-reviewed article?
It is always considered scholarly
It always has been edited many times
It is always reviewed by experts in the field
It is always reviewed by friends of the author
Question 19
2 out of 2 points
Which APA-style citation is correct?
One study found men to be “overly aggressive.” (Smith, pg. 3, 2000)
One study found men to be “overly aggressive” (Smith, p. 3).
One study found men to be “overly aggressive.”(Smith, 2000, pg. 3)
Question 20
2 out of 2 points
Which APA-style citation is correct?
One study, Smith (pg. 3), found men to be “overly aggressive.” (2000)
One study, Smith (p.3), found men to be “overly aggressive”.
One study, Smith (2000), found men to be “overly aggressive.” (pg. 3)
Question 21
2 out of 2 points
Which APA-style reference is correct?
Smith, J. K. (2000). Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 15-16.
J.K. Smith, p. 15-16, Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 2000.
Smith, J. K. (2000). Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 15-16.
Smith, J. K. (2000). Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 15-16.
Question 22
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT another word for reliability?
Dependability
Stability
Question 23
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT another word for validity?
Accuracy
Authenticity
Truthfulness
Loyalty
Question 24
2 out of 2 points
Which type of reliability is this? A test that is given today will receive the same score if given tomorrow.
Test-retest
Internal Consistency
Inter-rater
Parallel forms
Question 25
0 out of 2 points
Which type of validity is this? An experimenter that wants to measure depression makes sure her test indicates depressive behaviors and not something else.
Criterion
Construct
Question 26
2 out of 2 points
A weighing scale that is always 10 pounds off reflects:
High validity; Low reliability
High validity; High reliability
Low validity; Low reliability
Question 27
2 out of 2 points
Critical thinking question: Which of the following is a reason an experimenter might design a test with low face validity?
If she wants the participant to know what she is testing
If she does not want the participant to know what she is testing
If she wants the test to have similar scores when taken at different times
If she wants the test to be reliable
Question 28
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT typically a component of a method section?
Results
Participants
Design
Procedure
Materials
Question 29
2 out of 2 points
The results section gives the data found in a study, as well as the interpretations and implications of that data.
True
False
Question 30
2 out of 2 points
A large sample size will be more accurate than a small sample size.
True
False
Question 31
0 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT an example of probability sampling?
Simple Random
Systematic
Stratified
Correct
Convenience
Question 32
2 out of 2 points
Typically, quantitative study design has a firmer agenda and requires more preparation beforehand than qualitative study design.
True
False
Question 33
2 out of 2 points
Quantitative study design is more likely to be exploratory than qualitative.
True
False
Question 34
2 out of 2 points
Quantitative study design follows a more structured order than qualitative.
True
False
Question 35
2 out of 2 points
Correct
While there is a feminist paradigm that focuses on viewing society from a female perspective, there can really be paradigms for any culture, including religion, ethnicity, and political affiliation.
True
False
Question 36
Critical thinking question: Which design is a cross-sectional study more likely to have?
Question 37
2 out of 2 points
Since most studies done in America use American participants, the findings of those studies might not apply to other countries.
True
False
Question 38
0 out of 2 points
Randomly assigning participants to two groups balances out the groups, making them as similar as possible.
True
False
Question 39
2 out of 2 points
Which study design would be the most appropriate for the following scenario: You are measuring the difference in how well you play hockey from the beginning to end.
Within-subjects
Between-subjects
Question 40
2 out of 2 points
Correct
Which study design would be the most appropriate for the following scenario: You are measuring the difference in how well the home hockey team plays compared to the visiting team.
Within-subjects
Between-subjects
Question 41
2 out of 2 points
Which study design is the most likely to be used for this scenario: You are creating a study that examines the effects of being a victim of trauma on adult anxiety.
Classic (True) Experimental
Quasi-Experimental
Pre-experimental
Question 42
2 out of 2 points
Which study design is the most likely to be used for this scenario: You are creating a study where you are measuring the effects of music on anger. You randomly assign people into two different groups: Music and no music and have them think of angry thoughts while listening to music or no music.
Classic (True) Experimental
Quasi-Experimental
Pre-experimental
Question 43
2 out of 2 points
Would you use a mean or median with the following dataset: 1,3,3,5,6,18?
Mean
Median
Question 44
2 out of 2 points
What is the mode of the following dataset: 1,3,3,5,6,18?
3
5
6
18
Question 45
2 out of 2 points
The p-value has to be less than what number for the findings of a statistical test to be significant?
.05
.01
.05
.1
.5
Question 46
2 out of 2 points
What is your z-score if you scored a 20 on an exam with a mean of 20 and a standard deviation of 10?
0
1
10
20
Question 47
2 out of 2 points
How many groups are compared in an ANOVA?
3 or more
1
2
3 or more
Question 48
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT something a t-test and a correlation have in common?
They can compare 2 groups
You can find out relationships between different groups
You can tell whether or not there is significance using a p-value
You can see if the Independent Variable influences the Dependent Variable
Question 49
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is NOT a component of a research study’s Discussion section?
Compares the study’s findings to the findings of previous research
Discusses the limitation of a study
Demonstrates how the study was run
Provides suggestions for future research studies
Question 50
0 out of 2 points
Which is NOT an example of a safeguard used to prevent/reduce potential harm to participants?
Informing the participant about the details of the study before participating
Debriefing the participant after participating
Confirming that the participant is participating as a volunteer
Ensuring the participant that all of the data is confidential
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